In the end, these rare cases don't really matter because they don't come up in the real world, and no rule can apply to single or constructed examples, although it's interesting that my "native competence" has me going with regular formation for all of these: "out-Jean-Luc'ed" (not the final syllable!), out-Krystofed/out-Steffed, out-Elijahed/out-Shahhed, out-Andrej-ed/out-Rajjed, out-Dereked/out-Zakked, out-Tawfiqed/out-Shaqqed Shaquille, out-Hafezed the poet, but out-Bozzed Charles Dickens.Ģ) Rut, but not cut rebid, but not forbid regret, but not forget.ģ) Refit, but not profit. When I try the "out-trick" with final -c -f -h -j -k -q -z, none of them seem like exceptions to me. Not clear to me, but I think I prefer the second, which would put -h into the regular group that gets doubled when stressed what do you think? Example, using a non-rare final -d: "She out-Crawforded Joan Crawford." Now test -h: which looks right? In English, a verb can be constructed by using "out" + any person's name (or title). Note that a way of "testing" doubling of rare final consonants, is with the "out-" trick. Although another rule says to add -k to final -c to make -ck, that's only the case for unstressed final syllable, as in, mimicked, frolicked, panicked. "He sicced his dog on me." is acceptable, "He siced." is not. but not: catalog travel abandon button darken happen worship caucus focus edit profit.īut also probably including some rare final consonants as part of the regular pattern: -c -f -h -j -k -q -z.overdub embed defog repel retrim outgun drop reship bar defer commit emit bus gas regret rev.With some exceptions (that may not really be exceptions) (n6).is not the root verb, but is falsely analyzed as if it were (n5).
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